MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate targeting messenger (m)RNAs as post-transcriptional or translational repression mechanisms. Dysregulation of miRNAs is observed in various diseases, and manipulating miRNAs is a promising therapeutic approach. However, miRNA-based therapy raises concerns, including poor tissue penetration, low intracellular delivery efficiency, potential immunogenicity, and off-target effects. Accordingly, nanoparticle (NP) encapsulation is applied to protect miRNA against nuclease degradation, improve cell-specific controlled delivery, and enhance cell retention of miRNA for therapeutic purposes. In this program, nanoformulated miRNA will be developed for the treatment of oral diseases, particularly oral cancer, oral submucous fibrosis, stomatitis, and xerostomia.